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Revision as of 14:54, 27 January 2008
Contents
General Advance-Placement (AP) Statistics Curriculum - Summarizing data with Frequency Tables
Summarizing data with Frequency Tables & Histograms
There are two ways to describe a data set (sample from a population) - Pictorial Graphs or Tables of Numbers. Both are important for analyzing data.
Definitions
- A frequency distribution is a display of the number (frequency) of occurrences of each value in a data set.
- A relative frequency distribution is a display of the percent (ratio or frequency to sample-size) of occurrences of each value in a data set.
Example
The table below shows the stage of disease at diagnosis of breast cancer in a random sample of 2092 US women.
| Stage | Frequency | Relative Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 197 | 0.09 |
| I | 691 | 0.33 |
| II | 703 | 0.34 |
| III | 314 | 0.15 |
| IV | 187 | 0.09 |
| Total | 2092 | 1.00 |
Computational Resources: Internet-based SOCR Tools
- SOCR Charts allows you to generate graphical representations (including frequency histograms) of a variety of datasets.
- The SOCR Charts activities provide usage-instructions, examples and demonstrations of how to use SOCR Charts.
Hands-on activities
You can copy the first 2 columns in the data table above ans paste it in the SOCR Charts (BarChart --> XYPlot --> HistogramDemo7). You can see this SOCR Charts activity for help with histogram plots.
- The graph below illustrates the (raw) frequency histogram (using counts)
- The graph below show the relative frequency histogram (using the last column of the table above).
References
- SOCR Home page: http://www.socr.ucla.edu
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